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This is a blog for Bright Eyes Family Vision Care, an Optometric practice in Tampa, FL that is owned by Nathan Bonilla-Warford, O.D., F.A.A.O. Most of my patients know that I like to share information. This will be an additional way for me to share news about events and changes at Bright Eyes and discuss new developments about vision care. I like feedback, so feel free to leave comments!

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Posts Tagged ‘amblyopia’

Tetris therapy for amblyopia? Yes, please.

A new study, about amblyopia, has been published and it is really getting attention. From CBS news to Huffington Post to CNET, everyone is covering it, probably because they get to use the word “Tetris” in the title. Tetris, of course, is the hugely addictive block-stack game that, at least in my memory, was the first hand-held videogame blockbuster.

Amblyopia, known to many people as “lazy eye” is a visual adaptation to conditions that interfere with visual development. On a simple level, it means that even with the best glasses or contact lenses, the eye does not see and function as well as expected. It is not due to disease or injury, but rather a situation where the brain doesn’t communicate well with one eye and can’t use the eyes as a team.
Think of the brain being someone on the internet, and one eye is a friend with 14.4K dial up and the other has a 4G smart phone. Yes, you can communicate with both eyes, but you are going to prefer the 4G because it is faster and can do more things. Trying to use both eyes simultaneously as a team is hard because one is lagging behind and missing information.

I am extremely glad to see this study and I do have some thoughts on it:
First, do not get too excited about the Tetris part. While I really have no doubt that Tetris and similar games stimulate visual planning and cognitive development, I suspect that the main benefit of using Tetris in this study is that it is very engaging, requires attention to visual detail, and requires the  player to make decisions based on visual information. Basically this is true for most video games (and real world games, for that matter). So Tetris is not the magic here.

What IS a big deal about this study is the goggles – they required the eyes to work together to play the game. If you play, you can’t just shut off the amblyopic eye, or you’ll lose because you won’t see the falling blocks. And that isn’t motivating or good therapy.  It isn’t patching or covering the good eye because you won’t see the blocks on the bottom. You still won’t win. This is like conventional patching. You can stimulate the amblyopic eye (upgrading the modem), but that alone only helps somewhat.

What this study shows is that only when both eyes can see and are given the opportunity to work together to achieve a common visual goal is there significant improvement in the amblyopic eye. In my internet analogy, this is not only giving the amblyopic eye a 4G smartphone but making sure it is net savvy. Both eyes are now friends on Facebook and Twitter so they can work together in real time to solve visual-spatial problems efficiently. (Just to be clear: the eyes do not use Facebook, and they do not communicate directly – all that happens in the brain).

So why is this so exciting? Because this is exactly what we do in vision therapy every day. We “upgrade” the eyes to work well individually (4G) but also “network” them to work together (Facebook, Twitter). We don’t use Tetris, but we do use paper & pens, balls, special glasses, computer programs, 3D art, optical illusions and lots of other fun tools to make it fun and productive.

It is great to see more research on this on adults with amblyopia. For too many years, patients have been told that after early childhood there is no hope of improving the vision in the amblyopic eye. It simply is not true. I did a blog post awhile back on the science behind amblyopia. You can see that here. For a great look at binocular treatment of amblyopia, see this recent post on the VisionHelp blog.

Dr. Nate

By Nathan Bonilla-Warford, OD
Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
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AOA School Readiness Summit: Focus on Vision

The American Optometric Association recently held a School Readiness Summit: Focus on Vision in which doctors, nurses, educators and advocates for children’s health gathered to examine learning-related vision issues that are keeping children from achieving in the classroom. This summit was created to address the concerns that our current system is flawed and a policy shift is needed. The problem is that currently, the U.S. educational system and some health care providers rely heavily on vision screenings to discover the kids that need comprehensive exams. These screenings do catch some types of vision problems but they can miss about 75% of those children that have learning-related vision problems. Detecting these vision problems is very important as “studies show that much of what children learn comes though vision, and undetected and untreated eye and vision disorders in children, such as amblyopia and strabismus, can result in vision loss, additional costly treatments, delayed reading and poorer outcomes in school.”

The take-home statement that the summit produced is that comprehensive eye exams must serve as the foundation to determine school readiness in school-aged children. Another important point established at this meeting is the establishment of the link between healthy vision and classroom learning.

This historic summit is an important step in ensuring that children receive the proper detection and treatment of vision problems before they become detrimental to their learning. Here at Bright Eyes Family Vision Care, we are excited to see these changes being made, since it has been our goal from the beginning to not only catch vision problems at an early stage, evidenced by the InfantSEE program that we offer that provides free eye exams to infants between the age of 6 months and 1 year of age, but to also treat certain types of problems through our extensive one-on-one vision therapy program.

If you have any questions regarding the InfantSEE program, vision therapy program, or would like to schedule a comprehensive eye exam for your child before they start school, give our office a call or come in to schedule.

All the best,

Justin Schoonover, CPO

Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
Located in the Westchase area of Tampa.
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Johnny Depp Can’t See 3D Movies – Maybe He Should See an Optometrist

It’s true! According to several recent entertainment stories such as this one from Engadget,  Johnny Depp is unable to see the 3-D effects in the very movies that he stars in. Specifically the upcoming  Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, which is to be released May 20th.

They way Depp described it, “I’m unable to see in 3D. My eyes don’t see in 3D. I have a weird eye… It just doesn’t work.”

While  all this may seem like a small bit of movie trivia to many people, this may remind a lot of folks of themselves… or their children.  We don’t know exactly what is weird about his “eye”, whether it is amblyopia (often called “lazy eye”) or some other condition. But we do know that many of the types of problems can be detected at a very early age. It is recommended that babies have their first eye exam at six months old. Treatment such as glasses or contacts or medical procedures to prevent further problems may allow the patient to have as normal vision as possible…. even normal 3-D vision. Also, vision therapy may be an option to give 3-D vision to patients,  young or old. The book “Fixing My Gaze”  by Dr. Susan Barry is an excellent example of this.

The recent news about Johnny Depp is just one more reminder that if you or anyone you know has trouble with 3-D movies you should see an optometrist.

Dr. Nate

Nathan Bonilla-Warford, OD
Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
Located in the Westchase area of Tampa.
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Acupuncture for Amblyopia (Lazy eye)?

A recent study came out yesterday that has a lot of people talking. Acupuncture may be as effective in treating amblyopia (lazy eye) as patching.

From the CNN story Needles trump patches in treating kids’ eye problem:

In the randomized trial, researchers compared the effectiveness of two hours of daily patching therapy with acupuncture for treating lazy eye in 88 children aged 7 to 12. All children had already worn glasses for at least 16 weeks. 43 of the children were randomly assigned to the acupuncture treatment group, receiving five treatments per week that targeted five needle insertion sites. 45 children in the patch group had their stronger eye patched for two hours per day and were instructed to do activities such as reading and typing, which helps to strengthen near vision in the weaker eye.

What do I think about this? I don’t know. I’m not highly educated in acupuncture. I do think it has it’s place. I do know that patching alone is not as effective as vision therapy because patching treats one eye and not both. (See this recent post by Dr. Len Press for additional info). So it is not compelling that acupuncture is better than patching.

I also know that amblyopia is much more than a visual acuity problem. It is a problem of many visual skills including focusing and perception. So much more extensive research needs to be done. But this is a good sign that ophthalmologists and visual scientists are looking into complex areas of vision and visual treatment.

Before anyone undertakes acupuncture for amblyopia, I do recommend a comprehensive visual and eye health evaluation by an optometrist who specializes in children’s vision. If you need to find one, COVD is a great place to start.

So that is my opinion. What do you think about acupuncture for amblyopia?

Nathan Bonilla-Warford, OD
Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
Located in the Westchase area of Tampa.

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The Science Behind Amblyopia Treatment

You may have a friend or family member who has had or is currently undergoing treatment for amblyopia. Even if you don’t know anyone with amblyopia, you likely have some idea that sometimes kids have to wear an eyepatch to improve the vision in their other eye. That treatment is indeed the time-honored, effective treatment of “lazy eye.”

But have we learned anything since the first patch was used? How many hours are you supposed to patch? Are there other options? Do they work? How do we know?

Fortunately, visual scientists have been hard at work the last few years, giving us valuable information that can help doctors guide their patients and parents towards the best, most effective, best tolerated treatment. I have selected a few research studies to cover here. If you want more detail, follow the links provided to obtain your own copy of the studies.

Of course, (and this goes without saying, but I must say it)  TALK TO YOUR DOCTOR before acting on anything written here or changing any part of your prescribed treatment. If you have questions about how this research affects your treatment, print out the study and take it with you to the next evaluation.

Now, on to the studies………

Read the rest of this entry »

Ask Dr. Nate: Is Vision Therapy an Option at My Age?

I am a 36 year old male and have struggled with mild to moderate amblyopia most of my life. I am able to fuse close up and have very good hand eye coordination but at distance, such as driving, I am unable to fuse and the resulting strain  worsens the eye turn. Is vision therapy still a viable option at my age?


This is an impossible question to answer without the benefit for a full, thorough vision exam. This would show the cause and severity of the amblyopia, eye turn,  and other visual problems that you may have and identify areas of possible improvement.

But even without the particulars in your case, I can say a few things generally. Because the purpose of vision therapy is to help you develop visual skills that may be lacking, there is not point in life when it is not possible to receive some benefit from vision therapy. The real question is this: Are you bothered enough by your visual problem that you would like to take the steps to improve the situation. (Case in point, this video of a 101 year old vision therapy patient.)

But I don’t want to paint vision therapy as a panacea either, because some conditions are very complicated and can take a significant amount of time, effort, and expense to improve. Some conditions are best treated with a combination of vision therapy and other methods, such as special glasses or surgery. Yet other conditions are better left untreated.

I would recommend against any of the “improve your vision” ads on TV or the internet. Many of these have elements of legitimate therapy, but they tend to over-promise and do not match the person with the appropriate therapy. Instead, only pursue therapy from a doctor with specialized training in visual function and vision therapy.

Have you read Susan Barry’s book, “Fixing My Gaze“? I very highly recommend it. You may also find this blog interesting: http://seeing3d.blogspot.com/.

If you would like more information about the evaluation or vision therapy, please do not hesitate to call and speak to Edna or myself.

Best Wishes.
Dr. Nate

Nathan Bonilla-Warford, OD
Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
Located in the Westchase area of Tampa.

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And Another Amblyopia Cartoon

Thanks to Adventures in Amblyopia….
Dr. Nate

Nathan Bonilla-Warford, OD
Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
Located in the Westchase area of Tampa.

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NPR story about Amblyopia: Learning To See In Stereo

As an eye doctor who provides vision therapy to treat amblyopia and an avid NPR fan, I was heartened to hear this story in the shower this morning:

www.npr.org – Learning To See In Stereo

There has indeed been much progress in the visual sciences and specifically in the area of amblyopia. Rigorous, well-controlled clinical studies done at institutions such as UC Berkeley have shown us that amblyopia can be treated in ways that are less burdensome, can be treated at later ages than previously thought, and with far-reaching quality of life benefits.

Certainly it will take more effort for someone like Joe or Sue to see these benefits than it would for a 4 year old who has tremendous neuroplasticity.

One element that this story gets exactly right is that vision problems like amblyopia truly are issues of neurophysiology not ocular physiology. When we when treat a patient who has amblyopia, we really are changing how their brain functions.

I am so excited to get the word out on the science behind vision therapy!

Be Well!
Dr. Nate

Nathan Bonilla-Warford, OD
Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
Located in the Westchase area of Tampa.

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Prozac Might Help Cure Amblyopia

We’ve known for quite some time that amblyopia can be improved in older children and adults. It may take more work, but it can be done with the proper vision therapy.

Now there is evidence, at least in rats, that Prozac (fluoxetine) may actually assist in the developing the neural connections in the brain to improve visual acuity reduced due to amblyopia.

But remember two things: First, People are not rats and, at best, it will be some time before fluoxetine is studied in people. Second, whether fluoxetine is helpful or not, vision therapy is crucial in developing all the visual skills in people with amblyopia.

Read the whole article here.

Be Well!

Dr. Nate

Nathan Bonilla-Warford, OD
Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
Located in the Westchase area of Tampa.

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The Psychosocial Effects of Amblyopia

It is well known, and intuitive, that children and adults with strabismus (crossed or wandering eyes) have greater difficulty with self image and social situations than people with straight eyes. This is partially cosmetic and partially due to self-awareness that something is “wrong” with their vision. To assist people with strabismus, there are many resources including online support groups and a blog.

A related but different condition is amblyopia (lazy eye), that occurs when the vision doesn’t develop normally in one or both eyes and vision is not clear even with the best glasses or contacts. You can’t tell a person has amblyopia by looking at them – an eye doctor has to diagnosis it. There are also online support groups for amblyopia.

Research indicates that people with amblyopia are as likely to have social issues as those with strabismus, even though there is no cosmetic concern. The study found that “a significant number of patients felt that amblyopia interfered with school (52%) and work (48%) to some degree and were generally affected in their lifestyle (50%).” Additionally, sports job choices were affected.

The study concludes with ‘Psychosocial difficulties related to amblyopia affect individuals’ self-image, work, school, and friendships. Amblyopia has a significant effect on psychosocial functioning and warrants aggressive screening, prevention and treatment during the amblyogenic years.”

As I say frequently, it is much easier to prevent amblyopia than to treat it. And fortunately, amblyopia can be prevented. Early eye exams are critical for detecting and treating amblyopia. The first exam is recommended at six months of age. If all is well, the next exams should occur at age three and before school.

Be Well!

Dr. Nate

Nathan Bonilla-Warford, OD
Bright Eyes Family Vision Care
Located in the Westchase area of Tampa.

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